ski training

— ab initio training

— abbreviated basic training

— abbreviated training

— academic training

— accelerated training

— active duty training

— ad hoc training

— add-on training

— administrative training

— advanced battle training

— advanced combat training

— advanced individual training

— advanced infantry training

— advanced training

— advanced unit training

— adventure training

— adventurous training

— aerial weapons training

— affiliate training

— aggressor training

— air weapon training

— airborne training

— aircraft recognition training

— air-mission training

— airmobile training

— air-to-air training

— air-to-ground training

— alerting training

— all-around training

— allied training

— all-weather training

— amphibious training

— annual active duty training

— annual field training

— antigas training

— antiriot training

— applied training

— apprentice training

— armor recognition training

— armor training

— armory drill training

— artillery training

— assault training

— attache training

— basic combat training

— basic training

— battle sound training

— battle training

— battlefield training

— bayonet training

— biological training

— bombardment training

— boot training

— border crossing training

— branch immaterial training

— branch material training

— cadre training

— career enhancing training

— catch-up training

— censorship training

— centralized training

— character guidance training

— citizenship training

— civil affairs training

— civil preparedness training

— classroom training

— close quarter marksmanship training

— collective training

— combat crew training

— combat environment training

— combat launch operational readiness training

— combat training

— combatant training

— combat-like training

— combined training

— combined-arms river crossing training

— combined-arms training

— common entry-level training

— common skills training

— common-track training

— communications training

— competitive training

— concurrent training

— construction training

— continental US training

— continuation training

— continuous training

— conventional training

— conversion training

— cooperative training

— cost-effective training

— counseling training

— counterinsurgency training

— counterpart training

— crash training

— crew training

— cross country driving training

— cross utilization training

— cross-attached team training

— cross-MOS training

— crossover training

— cross-rate training

— cryptographic training

— CW training

— cycle training

— cyclic training

— daylight night training

— decentralized training

— defensive CW training

— defensive NBC training

— defensive training

— definitive training

— demolitions training

— desert survival training

— desert training

— detachment training

— developmental training

— diagnostic training

— disciplinary training

— dismounted training

— dissimilar air combat training

— drill training

— dry training

— dry-net training

— dual-role aircraft training

— during-combat training

— dynamic training

— educational training

— enlisted training

— enrichment training

— entry-level training

— environmental training

— equipment training

— evaluator training

— evasion and escape training

— EW training

— Expert Infantryman Badge training

— extra training

— familiarization training

— field combat training

— field sanitation training

— field technical training

— field training

— fieldcraft training

— first-aid training

— first-assignment specific training

— fitness training

— flight training

— flying training

— follow-on training

— force-on-force training

— foreign area training

— foreign weapons familiarization training

— foreign-exchange training

— formal unit training

— formalized training

— fragmented annual training

— full-time training

— garrison training

— gas defense training

— gas training

— general military training

— give training

— go-no-go training

— grenade training

— ground attack training

— gunnery-oriented training

— hand-on equipment training

— hand-to-hand combat training

— Higher Defence training

— home station training

— hospital returnee training

— identification training

— inactive duty training

— in-country training

— individual basic training

— individual technical training

— individual training

— indoor gunnery training

— induct for training

— infantry training

— initial entry training

— initial skill training

— initial training

— in-job training

— innovative training

— in-residence training

— in-service training

— institutional training

— intelligence training

— intensive basic military training

— interactive full crew training

— interim refresher training

— interoperability training

— inter-service training

— intertype training

— intra-unit training

— job instruction training

— joint airborne training

— joint service training

— jump training

— jungle training

— language training

— laser-instrumented training

— lateral training

— leadership training

— lead-in training

— line training

— live-fire training

— low-level training

— mandatory training

— maneuver training

— march training

— marksmanship training

— mechanical training

— medical training

— Military Assistance Grant Aid training

— military justice training

— military operations in built-up areas training

— military operations on urbanized terrain training

— military training

— militia training

— mine training

— minimum essential training

— minimum individual training

— missile firing training

— mission related training

— mobile forces training

— mobility training

— mobilization training

— module training

— morale and tradition training

— MOS training

— motivational training

— mountain training

— mounted training

— multiechelon training

— multilevel training

— multinational training

— multirole training

— multitrack training

— NATO-oriented training

— NBC training training

— new equipment training

— night training

— night vision training

— no-light aided eye training

— no-light unaided eye training

— nonmobilized status training

— nonresident instruction training

— novice training

— nuclear weapon training

— obligation training

— observer training

— obstacle training

— offensive combat training

— offensive CW training

— officers' training

— one station unit training

— one-on-one training

— one-track training

— on-the-ground training

— on-the-job training

— operational readiness training

— operational training

— opposed forces/threat training

— organizational effectiveness training

— organizational training

— orientation training

— out-of-camp training

— outside of continental US training

— overseas area training

— overseas deployment training

— overview training

— paid training

— paramilitary training

— part time training

— phased training

— physical readiness training

— position specific training

— post-cycle training

— post-mobilization training

— preappointment training

— precommission training

— preentry training

— preexercise training

— premobilization training

— prepackaged training

— primary training

— prime time training

— process-oriented training

— product-oriented training

— progression training

— progressive training

— protective CW training

— radiation training

— Ranger training

— readiness training

— realistic training

— real-world training

— receive training

— reconditioning training

— recovery training

— recruit training

— recurring training

— redeployment training

— redundant training

— refresher training

— rehabilitation training

— reinforcement training

— remedial training

— replacement training

— reserve cycle training

— reserve duty training

— resettlement training

— resident school training

— rifle marksmanship training

— rigorous training

— rotational training

— safety training

— salvage training

— scenario-oriented training

— schedule training

— scheduled training

— security training

— selection training

— shipboard troop training

— side-by-side training

— signal training

— simulator-assisted training

— simulator-based training

— single-service training

— situational training

— ski training

— skill training

— small arms training

— small boat training

— small unit training

— sniper training

— soldiering skills training

— Special Air Service training

— special training

— specialist training

— speciality training

— specialized tactical training

— specialized training

— special-to-arm training

— stationary training

— stereotyped training

— stress inoculation training

— supervisor training

— survival training

— sustainment training

— syllabus training

— systems specific training

— tactical training

— tank common training

— tank gunnery training

— tank skill training

— tank training

— tank-infantry training

— team training

— technical training

— tower training

— toxic warfare training

— trade training

— training area training

— training extension course training

— training with limited resources

— transition training

— transportation training

— troop lift training

— troop training

— truck training

— undergo training

— undergraduate training

— underway training

— ungraded training

— unilateral training

— uniservice training

— unisex basic training

— unit training

— universal military training

— upgrade training

— upgrading training

— urban warfare training

— visual training

— vocational rehabilitation training

— water survival training

— weapons delivery training

— weapons training

— weekend training

— wet-net training

— wetshod assault training

a. attr.

( sport) presciistico

● pre-ski training, presciistica.

1) план, проект, программа, схема

- fantastic scheme

2) краткий план, резюме

- draw up a scheme

3) тайные замыслы, нечестные замыслы, махинации, интриги, козни, происки

- diabolical scheme

•

[ski:m]

agricultural scheme структура сельского хозяйства allocation scheme вчт. схема размещения amended scheme усовершенствованная программа amortization scheme план погашения долга в рассрочку assurance scheme система гарантий audit scheme порядок ревизии axiom scheme схема аксиом block scheme блок-схема block scheme структурная схема bonus scheme порядок получения надбавок к заработной плате bonus scheme система участия в прибылях scheme интрига, махинация; происки; bubble scheme дутое предприятие certification scheme порядок сертификации classification scheme система классификации coding scheme вчт. схема кодирования scheme система, построение, расположение; under the present scheme of society при современном устройстве общества; a colour scheme сочетание цветов Community scheme структура Европейского экономического сообщества company health insurance scheme система страхования работников компании от болезней compulsory insurance scheme страх. порядок обязательного страхования computational scheme вычислительный алгоритм concessionary scheme концессионная политика conditional sale scheme порядок условной продажи conversion scheme порядок конверсии costing scheme порядок калькуляции себестоимости debt rescheduling scheme программа реструктуризации долга decoding scheme схема декодирования depositors' guarantee scheme программа обеспечения защиты вкладов discount scheme система учетных ставок distribution scheme система распределения duty scheme график дежурств explanatory scheme пояснительная схема financial scheme финансовый план financing scheme план финансирования financing scheme программа финансирования forward cover scheme порядок срочного покрытия валютного риска general aid scheme программа общей помощи guarantee scheme система гарантий hedging scheme бирж. система хеджирования home help scheme соц. система помощи на дому home market scheme структура внутреннего рынка implement a scheme осуществлять план incentive scheme система материального стимулирования index account scheme система индексации instalment scheme система продажи в рассрочку insurance scheme система страхования investor protection scheme система защиты инвестора land consolidation scheme программа укрупнения участков земли large-scale scheme крупномасштабный проект scheme план, проект; программа; to lay a scheme составлять план, задумывать, замышлять loan scheme программа кредитования loan scheme система кредитования market making scheme программа создания рынка marketing scheme программа сбыта продукции marketing scheme система маркетинга national pension scheme государственная программа пенсионного обеспечения new scheme новый порядок notification scheme порядок уведомления obligatory insurance scheme система обязательного страхования optimization scheme схема оптимизации pension fund scheme программа пенсионного обеспечения pension scheme пенсионная система (общий термин) pension scheme программа пенсионного обеспечения pensions assurance scheme программа страхового пенсионного обеспечения pilot scheme пробная схема pilot scheme экспериментальный план pool scheme объединение пенсионных фондов нескольких предприятий preservation scheme порядок охраны priority scheme вчт. система приоритетов private superannuation scheme система частных пенсий по выслуге лет probability scheme вероятностная схема profit-sharing scheme программа участия в прибылях компании quality label scheme система знаков качества quota scheme система квот rationalization scheme программа рационализации refinancing scheme система рефинансирования registration scheme порядок регистрации repurchase scheme система продажи и обратной покупки reward scheme система поощрений rotation scheme программа чередования sampling scheme план выборки savings scheme программа накопления сбережений scheme вчт. алгоритм scheme диаграмма scheme замышлять (недоброе); плести интриги scheme интрига, махинация; происки; bubble scheme дутое предприятие scheme конспект; краткое изложение scheme план, проект; программа; to lay a scheme составлять план, задумывать, замышлять scheme план scheme планировать, проектировать scheme последовательность операций scheme программа scheme проект scheme система, построение, расположение; under the present scheme of society при современном устройстве общества; a colour scheme сочетание цветов scheme система scheme структура scheme схема, чертеж scheme схема scheme of arrangement порядок разрешения спорных вопросов scheme of arrangement порядок урегулирования претензий scheme of arrangement схема мероприятия scheme of arrangement negotiations переговоры о порядке урегулирования претензий scheme of arrangement proposal предложение о порядке урегулирования претензий scheme of distribution схема распределения scheme of payment порядок платежей scheme of social security benefits система пособий по социальному страхованию selective financing scheme система выборочного финансирования self-pensioning scheme программа пенсионного обеспечения за счет собственных средств selling scheme программа продажи settlement scheme порядок производства расчетов simulation scheme схема моделирования slum clearance scheme план сноса ветхих домов sorting scheme способ сортировки special deposit scheme система специальных депозитов special financing scheme система специального финансирования statutory insurance scheme установленная законом программа страхования subsidy scheme программа дотаций subsidy scheme программа субсидий superannuation scheme программа пенсионного обеспечения support scheme план поддержки support scheme проект поддержки tax avoidance scheme система уклонения от налогов tax declaration scheme порядок представления налоговой декларации tax-privileged savings scheme программа аккумуляции сбережений с налоговыми льготами taxation scheme порядок налогообложения town planning scheme программа городского планирования training scheme план профподготовки transitional scheme временный план trial scheme предварительная схема scheme система, построение, расположение; under the present scheme of society при современном устройстве общества; a colour scheme сочетание цветов unemployment benefit scheme программа пособий по безработице wiring scheme схема коммутации

1 jump (gen) & (sport).

dar o pegar un salto to jump; to leap (grande)

triple salto triple jump

salto de altura high jump

salto de esquí ski jump

salto de longitud long jump

salto mortal somersault

salto en paracaídas parachute jump

salto con pértiga pole vault

2 gap.

3 leap forward (progreso).

un salto hacia atrás a major step backward

4 precipice (despeñadero).

salto de agua waterfall

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: saltar.

* * *

► nombre masculino

1 (gen) jump, leap

2 DEPORTE jump (natación) dive

3 (de agua) waterfall

4 (despeñadero) precipice

5 figurado (omisión) gap

6 figurado (ascenso) springboard

\

a salto de mata (vivir al día) from hand to mouth 2 (de cualquier manera) slapdash, haphazardly, any old how

a saltos figurado in leaps and bounds

bajar de un salto / subir de un salto to jump down / jump up

dar un salto / pegar un salto to jump, leap

dar un salto en el vacío figurado to take a leap in the dark

el corazón me daba saltos figurado my heart was pounding

en un salto figurado in a flash

salto de agua waterfall, falls plural

salto de altura high jump

salto de cama negligee

salto de la carpa jack-knife

salto de longitud long jump

salto del ángel swan dive

salto de tijera scissor jump

salto mortal somersault

* * *

1) jump, leap, skip

2) gap

3) dive

* * *

1) (=acción) [gen] jump; [de mayor altura, distancia] leap; [al agua] dive

- dar el salto

- pegar el salto a algn

- tirarse al salto

2) (Atletismo) jump; (Natación) dive

3) (=diferencia) gap

4) (=en texto)

5) (=desnivel) [de agua] waterfall; [en el terreno] fault

6)

* * *

1)

a) ( brinco) jump

b) (Dep) (en atletismo, esquí, paracaidismo) jump; ( en natación) dive

- salto con pértiga or garrocha

- salto de altura/longitud

- salto de cama

- salto alto/ largo

- salto mortal

2) (Geog) tb

* * *

= bound, leap, jump, hopping, hop, skip.

Ex. For those involved in producing BNB, the eighties have seen this question leap in a single bound into the realm of stark reality from the cosy abstraction of AACR2.

Ex. The information qualifications of specialists are portrayed as training on the information trampoline for a leap into new ideas.

Ex. Hytelenet guides the user through directories of sites on the Internet using hypertext jumps.

Ex. The sputter of gibberish, the hoppings about the floor, the violent gesticulations, were like the frenzy of a half dozen exasperated baboons.

Ex. I told him about the doctor's explanation for my lack of weight loss and he did a few hops in place, excited for me that there's an explanation for not losing weight.

Ex. The skipping rope seemed so long and heavy, and after a few skips, I was ready to drop dead.

----

* dar el salto = make + the leap.

* dar un salto = leap, give + a jump.

* dar un salto mortal = somersault, do + a somersault, summersault.

* gran salto adelante = giant leap, great leap forward.

* incremento del salto = jump increment.

* levantarse de un salto = spring up.

* rampa para salto de esquí = ski jumping ramp.

* salto a la fama = jump into stardom.

* salto al estrellato = jump into stardom.

* salto al vacío = leap in the dark.

* salto de agua = waterfall, fall.

* salto de altura = vertical jump, vertical jump, high jumping, high jump.

* salto de esquí = ski jumping, ski jump.

* salto de fe = leap of faith.

* salto del ángel = swan dive.

* salto de longitud = long jump.

* salto de página = page break.

* salto de pértiga = pole vault, pole vaulting.

* salto de puenting = bungee jump.

* salto gigante = giant leap.

* salto hacia el futuro = leap into + the future.

* salto hacia lo desconocido = leap into + the unknown.

* salto mental = mental leap.

* salto mortal = somersault, summersault.

* salto mortal hacia atrás = backflip.

* triple salto = triple jump.

* * *

1)

a) ( brinco) jump

b) (Dep) (en atletismo, esquí, paracaidismo) jump; ( en natación) dive

- salto con pértiga or garrocha

- salto de altura/longitud

- salto de cama

- salto alto/ largo

- salto mortal

2) (Geog) tb

* * *

* * *

1 (brinco) jump

atravesó el arroyo de un salto he jumped (over) the stream

al oír el despertador se levantó de un salto when he heard the alarm clock he leaped o jumped o sprang out of bed

se puso en pie de un salto she leaped o sprang to her feet

el conejo se escapó dando saltos the rabbit hopped away to safety

los pájaros se acercaban dando saltitos the birds were hopping closer to me/us

cuando oí el tiro pegué un salto I started o jumped at the sound of the shot

el corazón le daba saltos de la emoción her heart was pounding with excitement

los niños daban saltos de alegría the children jumped for joy

el avión no paró de dar saltos it was a very bumpy flight

de un salto pasó de redactor a director he leapt o shot straight from editor to director

dos años más tarde dio el salto de productor a director two years later he made the jump from producer to director

los precios han dado un salto prices have shot up

el país ha dado un enorme salto atrás the country has taken a huge step backward(s)

dar un salto en el vacío to take a leap in the dark

hacer algo a salto de mata to do sth in a haphazard way

tirarse el salto ( Chi fam); to take a risk

vivir a salto de mata to take each day as it comes

vivir a saltos ( Chi fam); to be on edge

2 ( Dep) (en atletismo, esquí, paracaidismo) jump; (en natación) dive triple¹ (↑ triple (1))

bungee jump

( AmL) pole vault

pole vault

( Fís) quantum leap

high jump

( Indum) (ligero) negligée; (bata) (CS) dressing gown

( Impr, Inf) line break

long jump

( Impr, Inf) page break

swan dive ( AmE), swallow dive ( BrE)

( AmL) high jump

( AmL) long jump

somersault

B ( Geog) tb

salto de agua waterfall

el Salto de Teguendama the Teguendama Falls

* * *

1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

a) ( brincar) to jump;

◊ salto de alegría to jump for joy;

b) ( en atletismo) to jump

c) [ pelota] to bounce

d) ( lanzarse) to jump;

◊ salto al agua to jump into the water;

◊ saltaba de una idea a otra she kept jumping from one idea to the next

◊ la bomba hizo salto el coche por los aires the bomb blew the car into the air

a) ( omitir) ‹línea/página/nombre› to skip, miss out;

b) ‹semáforo/stop› to jump

◊ se le saltoon las lágrimas her eyes filled with tears

a) ( brinco) jump;

◊ se levantó de un salto ( de la cama) he leapt o sprang out of bed;

◊ se puso en pie de un salto she leapt o sprang to her feet;

◊ daban saltos de alegría they were jumping for joy

b) (Dep) (en atletismo, esquí, paracaidismo) jump;

◊ salto de altura/longitud high/long jump;

◊ salto de agua waterfall

* * *

salto nm

1. [brinco] jump;

cruzó la grieta de un salto he jumped across the crevice;

dar o [m5] pegar un salto to jump;

dar saltos de alegría o [m5] contento to jump for joy;

cuando se enteró de la noticia pegó un salto de alegría when she heard the news she was absolutely thrilled;

el corazón le dio un salto cuando escuchó el disparo her heart skipped a beat when she heard the shot;

la empresa ha decidido dar el salto a Internet the company has decided to go on line;

vivir a salto de mata to live from one day to the next

salto de altura high jump;

salto del ángel swallow dive;

salto entre dos [en baloncesto] jump ball;

saltos de esquí ski jumping;

salto inicial [en baloncesto] tip-off;

salto de longitud long jump;

salto mortal somersault;

salto en paracaídas parachute jump;

salto con pértiga pole vault

2. [omisión] gap;

en este texto hay un salto de varios párrafos there are several paragraphs missing from this text

3. [progreso] leap forward;

el nuevo modelo supone un significativo salto cualitativo this model represents a significant qualitative leap forward;

con esta victoria el equipo da un salto importantísimo this victory is a big leap forward for the team;

un salto hacia atrás a major step backwards;

finalmente dio el salto a la fama he finally made his big breakthrough

4. [despeñadero] precipice

5. [prenda] salto de cama [liviano] négligée

6. Informát salto hipertextual hypertext link;

salto de línea automático wordwrap;

salto de página page break

* * *

m leap, jump;

dar un salto jump;

dar un salto adelante jump forward;

salto atrás tb fig step backwards;

de un salto in one jump;

dar saltos de alegría jump for joy;

triple salto triple jump;

concurso de saltos showjumping competition

* * *

salto nm

1) brinco: jump, leap, skip

2) : jump, dive (in sports)

3) : gap, omission

dar saltos : to jump up and down

5) or

salto de agua catarata: waterfall

* * *

salto n

1. (en general) jump

2. (de un trampolín) dive

3. (avance) leap

école [ekɔl]

1. feminine noun

   a. ( = établissement) school

• l'école reprend dans une semaine school starts again in a week's time

• aller à l'école [élève] to go to school ; [visiteur] to go to the school

• envoyer or mettre un enfant à l'école to send a child to school

• grande école prestigious higher education institute with competitive entrance examination → GRANDES ÉCOLES

• il va à la grande école (inf) ( = école primaire) he goes to primary school

   b. ( = enseignement) schooling ; ( = système scolaire) school system

• l'école gratuite free education

• l'école en France the French school system

• les partisans de l'école laïque the supporters of secular state education

   c. ( = mouvement artistique, de pensée) school

• un peintre de l'école florentine a painter of the Florentine School

   d. (figurative) être à bonne école to be in good hands

• il a été à rude école he learned about life the hard way

• faire école [personne] to acquire a following ; [théorie] to gain widespread acceptance

• il est de la vieille école he is one of the old school

2. compounds

► école des Beaux-Arts ≈ art college

► école buissonnière

• faire l'école buissonnière to play truant (Brit) or hooky (US) ► École centrale prestigious college of engineering

► école de commerce business school

► école de conduite driving school

► école de danse dancing school ; (classique) ballet school

► école de dessin art school

► école élémentaire elementary school

► école hôtelière catering school

► école libre denominational school

► école militaire military academy

► École nationale d'administration prestigious college training senior civil servants

► école de neige ski school

► École normale ≈ teacher training college → GRANDES ÉCOLES

► École normale supérieure grande école for training of teachers

► école de pensée school of thought

► école de police police academy

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Nursery school ( l'école maternelle) is publicly funded in France and, though not compulsory, is attended by most children between the ages of three and six. Statutory education begins with primary (grade) school (« l'école primaire ») and is attended by children between the ages of six and 10 or 11.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

The École nationale d'administration or ÉNA, in Strasbourg (formerly in Paris), is a competitive-entrance college training top civil servants. Because so many ministers and high-ranking decision-makers are « énarques » (ex-students of ÉNA), the school has often been criticized for exercising too much influence, and French political life is perceived by some as being monopolized by the so-called « énarchie ». → CONCOURS

* * *

* * *

1) school

2)

* * *

école nf

1 Scol ( établissement) school; être à l'école to be at GB ou in US school; aller à l'école to go to school; le directeur a réuni toute l'école the headteacher assembled the whole school; école de garçons/filles boys'/girls' school; enfants des écoles schoolchildren; la grande/petite école primary/nursery school;

2 ( enseignement) school; l'école est finie school is over; avoir école to have school; mettre un enfant à l'école to send a child to school; dès l'école from the very first days at school; quitter l'école à 16 ans to leave school at 16;

3 ( système) education system; réformer l'école to reform the education system;

4 Univ (grande) école higher education institution with competitive entrance examination; une école d'ingénieurs a Grande École of Engineering; une école de commerce a business school;

5 ( source de formation) training (de in); la lexicographie est une école de patience lexicography is a training in patience; être à bonne école to be in good hands; être de la vieille école to be of the old school; l'école de la vie the university of life;

6 ( mouvement) school; école flamande/romantique Flemish/Romantic school; école de pensée school of thought; faire école to gain a following.

école communale local school; école de conduite driving school; école de danse dancing school; école élémentaire primary school; école de gestion Univ business school, school of business and management GB; école hôtelière hotel management school; école d'infirmières nursing college; école de journalisme school of journalism; école de langues language school; école libre ( système) independent education; ( établissement) independent school; école maternelle nursery school; école militaire military academy; école de musique music school; école normale, EN primary teacher training college; école obligatoire compulsory schooling; école parallèle progressive school GB, alternative school; école de pilotage flying school; école de police police college GB, police academy US; école primaire primary school; école privée private school; école professionnelle training college; école publique ( établissement) state school GB, public school US; ( système) state education GB, public education US; école de secrétariat secretarial college; École centrale des arts et manufactures, Centrale○ Grande École of Engineering; École des chartes, les Chartes○ School of Palaeography and Archival Studies; École des Mines, les Mines○ Grande École of Mining Studies; École nationale d'administration, ENA Grande École of Public Management; École nationale des ponts et chaussées, les Ponts et chaussées○, les Ponts○ Grande École of Civil Engineering; École nationale supérieure des arts et métiers, les Arts et métiers○, les Arts○, ENSAM Grande École of Engineering; École normale supérieure, ENS Grande École preparing teachers for higher education.École The French school system has three tiers: l'école maternelle (from the age of two); l'école primaire comprising cours préparatoire (CP), cours élémentaire 1 et 2 ( CE1, CE2), cours moyen 1 et 2 ( CM1, CM2); and l'école secondaire ( collège and lycée). School attendance is compulsory between the ages of 6 and 16.

[ekɔl] nom féminin

1. [établissement] school

2. [cours] school

3. [système]

4. [collège supérieur]

École nationale d'administration → link=ENA ENA

École normale supérieure prestigious grande école for teachers and researchers → link=grand grand

5. [lieu spécialisé] school

6. [pédagogie]

7. [disciples] school

8. (figuré)

The separation of Church and State, which reflects the republican ideal and became law in 1905, is an important aspect of French culture. Since that date State education has been independent of the Church, and explicitly excludes religious instruction and religious ceremony.

ski resort

* * *

(n.) = ski resort

Ex. This is a 5 day residential programme of leadership training for librarians early in their careers held at a ski resort near Salt Lake City.

* * *

* * *

ski resort

conversion [kɔ̃vεʀsjɔ̃]

• taux de conversion conversion rate

* * *

1) Religion, fig conversion (à to)

2) ( transformation) ( d'entreprise) conversion (en into); ( d'employé) re-training

3) (de monnaie, dette) conversion (en into)

4) (de mesures, poids) conversion (en into); converting (en into)

5) Sport ( en ski) kick-turn

* * *

1) RELIGION conversion

2) (monétaire, d'un système à un autre) conversion

3) SKI kick turn

* * *

conversion nf

1 Relig, fig conversion (à to);

2 ( transformation) ( d'entreprise) conversion (en into); ( d'employé) re-training; prime de conversion conversion premium; des aides à la conversion incentives for companies changing to a new line of production;

3 (de monnaie, dette) conversion (en into); le taux de conversion the conversion rate;

4 (de degrés, mesures, poids) conversion (en into); converting (en into); la conversion de miles en kilomètres the conversion of miles into kilometres^GB, converting miles into kilometres^GB;

5 Sport ( en ski) kick-turn.

[kɔ̃vɛrsjɔ̃] nom féminin

1. [de chiffres, de mesures, de devises] conversion, converting

2. RELIGION conversion

3. [ralliement] conversion

4. NAUTIQUE turning around

5. [au ski] kick turn

6. DROIT & SCIENCES conversion

7. [formation] retraining

classe [klαs]

1. feminine noun

   a. ( = catégorie) class

• les classes moyennes the middle classes

• classe moyenne inférieure/supérieure lower/upper middle class

• la classe politique the political community

• société sans classe classless society

• hôtel de première classe first-class hotel

• hors classe exceptional

   b. (Transport) class

• compartiment de 1^ère/2^e classe 1st/2nd class compartment

• voyager en 1^ère classe to travel 1st class

• classe affaires/économique business/economy class

   c. ( = valeur) class

• artiste de grande classe artist of great distinction

• de classe internationale of international class

• elle a de la classe or elle a la classe (inf) she's got class

• robe qui a de la classe stylish dress

• ils sont descendus au Ritz, la classe quoi ! (inf) they stayed at the Ritz: classy, eh? (inf)

   d. ( = élèves) class ; ( = année d'études) year

• les grandes/petites classes the senior/junior classes

• il est en classe de 6^e ≈ he is in the 1st year (Brit) or 5th grade (US)

• monter de classe to go up a class

• partir en classe de neige ≈ to go on a school ski trip

   e. ( = cours) class

• aller en classe to go to school

• pendant/après la classe or les heures de classe during/after school

• la classe se termine or les élèves sortent de classe à 16 heures school finishes at 4 o'clock

• il est en classe (en cours) he is in class

   f. (School = salle) classroom ; (d'une classe particulière) form room (Brit), homeroom (US)

   g. militaire or soldat de 2^e classe (terre) private ; (air) aircraftman (Brit) airman basic (US)

• la classe de 1997 ( = contingent) the class of '97

2. invariable adjective

[personne, vêtements, voiture] (inf) classy (inf)

• ça fait classe it adds a touch of class (inf)

* * *

1) École ( groupe d'élèves) class, form GB; ( niveau) year, form GB, grade US

2) École ( cours) class, lesson

3) École ( salle) classroom

4) Sociologie, Politique class

5) ( catégorie) class (de of)

6) ( rang) gén class; Administration grade

7) ( élégance) class

8) Tourisme class

9) Armée

•

- classe d'adaptation

- classe d'âge

- classe de mer

- classe de neige

- classes préparatoires

* * *

1) (catégorie) class

2) (= niveau) class

3) MILITAIRE

4) (dans les transports en commun) class

5) (= local d'enseignement) classroom

6) (= leçon) class

7) (= niveau scolaire) year, grade USA

8) (= élèves) class

* * *

classe nf

1 Scol ( groupe d'élèves) class, form GB; ( niveau) year, form GB, grade US; une classe turbulente/studieuse a rowdy/hard-working class ou form GB; les classes primaires/de maternelle primary (school)/nursery classes; les classes du secondaire secondary school classes ou forms GB, ≈ junior high school and high school US; redoubler une classe to repeat a year; passer dans la classe supérieure to go up a year; être le premier/dernier de sa classe to be ou come top/bottom of the class;

2 Scol ( cours) class, lesson; une classe de dessin a drawing class ou lesson; les élèves de Mme Dupont n'auront pas classe demain Mrs Dupont's class won't be having any lessons tomorrow; parler en classe to talk in class; faire la classe to teach; le soir après la classe in the evening after school;

3 Scol ( salle) classroom; il s'est fait mettre à la porte de la classe he was sent out of the classroom;

4 Sociol, Pol class; les classes sociales the social classes; la classe ouvrière/dirigeante the working/ruling class; les classes moyennes the middle classes; une société sans classes a classless society; classe politique political class ou community;

5 ( catégorie) class (de of); la classe des mammifères the class of mammals; les artistes sont une classe à part artists are a class apart; classe grammaticale Ling grammatical class;

6 gén class; ( rang) Admin grade; produits/champagne de première classe first-class products/champagne;

7 ( élégance) class; avoir de la classe to have class; il a beaucoup de classe he has real class; ça, c'est la classe◑! now that's class ou style○!; c'est pas la classe◑! that's not very stylish!; elle est très classe◑ she's really classy○;

8 Transp class; billet de première/seconde classe first-/second-class ou standard GB ticket; classe touristes/affaires economy ou tourist/business class; voyager en première classe to travel first class;

9 Mil annual levy ou draft; la classe 1990 the 1990 levy ou draft; faire ses classes lit to do one's basic training; fig to start out; un cinéaste qui a fait ses classes à la télévision fig a film director who started out in television.

classe d'adaptation special needs class; classe d'âge age group; classe de mer educational schooltrip to the seaside; classe de nature schooltrip to the countryside; classe de neige schooltrip in the mountains; classe de transition Scol remedial class; classe verte = classe de nature; les classes creuses age groups depleted by low birthrate; classes préparatoires (aux grandes écoles) preparatory classes for entrance to Grandes Écoles.

ⓘ Classe de neige The classe de neige denotes the period of about a week which school classes spend in a mountain area when ski tuition is integrated with normal school work. The classe de nature or classe verte similarly refers to the week-long stay by school pupils in the countryside where nature study is integrated with normal school work.

[klas] nom féminin

A.[ÉDUCATION]

1. [salle] classroom

2. [groupe] class

3. [cours] class, lesson

a. [être enseignant] to teach

b. [donner un cours] to teach ou to take a class

4. [niveau] class, form (UK), grade (US)

B.[DANS UNE HIÉRARCHIE]

1. [espèce] class, kind

[dans des statistiques] bracket, class, group

2. [rang] class, rank

5. [niveau] quality, class

6. [distinction] class, style

C.[MILITAIRE] annual contingent

la classe 70 the 1970 levy

————————

[klas] adjectif

être classe to be classy

————————

classes nom féminin pluriel

faire ses classes MILITAIRE to go through training

————————

en classe locution adverbiale

a. [pour la première fois] to start school

b. [à la rentrée] to go back to school, to start school again

After the baccalauréat very successful students may choose to attend the classes préparatoires, intensive courses organized in lycées. Students are completely immersed in their subject and do little else than prepare for the competitive grandes écoles entrance exams. If they do not succeed, two years of prépas are considered equivalent to a DEUG, and these students often continue at a university.

brevet [bʀəvε]

1. masculine noun

   a. ( = diplôme) diploma

• brevet (des collèges) exam taken at the age of 16

   b. [de pilote] licence

   c. brevet (d'invention) patent

2. compounds

► brevet d'aptitude à la fonction d'animateur certificate for activity leaders in a holiday camp

► brevet d'études professionnelles technical school certificate

► brevet informatique et internet certificate of competence in ICT

► brevet de secourisme first aid certificate

► brevet de technicien vocational training certificate taken at age of 16

► brevet de technicien supérieur vocational training certificate taken after the age of 18

* * *

nom masculin

1) ( d'invention)

2) ( diplôme)

•

- brevet des collèges

- brevet de pilote

- brevet de technicien supérieur

* * *

1) (brevet d'invention) patent

2) (= certificat) diploma, certificate, (brevet des collèges) school certificate, taken at about 16

* * *

brevet nm

1 ( d'invention) brevet (d'invention) patent; déposer un brevet to take out a patent (pour on); après le dépôt du brevet after patenting;

2 ( diplôme) ≈ certificate; brevet de moniteur de ski/de secourisme ski instructor's/first aid certificate; brevet de respectabilité hum social acceptability certificate.

brevet des collèges Scol certificate of general education; brevet d'études professionnelles, BEP Scol certificate of technical education; brevet de pilote Aviat pilot's licence^GB; brevet professionnel specialized technical qualification acquired in the workplace; brevet de technicien supérieur, BTS Univ advanced vocational diploma.

ⓘ Brevet The term usually designates a type of vocational qualification such as the brevet d'études professionnelles or BEP, which is awarded after two years of practically oriented coursework at a lycée professionnel or the brevet de technicien supérieur or BTS, taken after the baccalauréat and representing two years of study in a specific vocational field. The brevet des collèges, on the other hand, is a general educational qualification taken at around the age of fifteen at the end of study in a collège.

[brəvɛ] nom masculin

1. DROIT

2. ÉDUCATION diploma

brevet d'études professionnelles → link=BEP BEP

brevet de technicien supérieur → link=BTS BTS

3. AÉRONAUTIQUE

4. [certificat] certificate

classe [klαs]

1. feminine noun

   a. ( = catégorie) class

• les classes moyennes the middle classes

• classe moyenne inférieure/supérieure lower/upper middle class

• la classe politique the political community

• société sans classe classless society

• hôtel de première classe first-class hotel

• hors classe exceptional

   b. (Transport) class

• compartiment de 1^ère/2^e classe 1st/2nd class compartment

• voyager en 1^ère classe to travel 1st class

• classe affaires/économique business/economy class

   c. ( = valeur) class

• artiste de grande classe artist of great distinction

• de classe internationale of international class

• elle a de la classe or elle a la classe (inf) she's got class

• robe qui a de la classe stylish dress

• ils sont descendus au Ritz, la classe quoi ! (inf) they stayed at the Ritz: classy, eh? (inf)

   d. ( = élèves) class ; ( = année d'études) year

• les grandes/petites classes the senior/junior classes

• il est en classe de 6^e ≈ he is in the 1st year (Brit) or 5th grade (US)

• monter de classe to go up a class

• partir en classe de neige ≈ to go on a school ski trip

   e. ( = cours) class

• aller en classe to go to school

• pendant/après la classe or les heures de classe during/after school

• la classe se termine or les élèves sortent de classe à 16 heures school finishes at 4 o'clock

• il est en classe (en cours) he is in class

   f. (School = salle) classroom ; (d'une classe particulière) form room (Brit), homeroom (US)

   g. militaire or soldat de 2^e classe (terre) private ; (air) aircraftman (Brit) airman basic (US)

• la classe de 1997 ( = contingent) the class of '97

2. invariable adjective

[personne, vêtements, voiture] (inf) classy (inf)

• ça fait classe it adds a touch of class (inf)

* * *

1) École ( groupe d'élèves) class, form GB; ( niveau) year, form GB, grade US

2) École ( cours) class, lesson

3) École ( salle) classroom

4) Sociologie, Politique class

5) ( catégorie) class (de of)

6) ( rang) gén class; Administration grade

7) ( élégance) class

8) Tourisme class

9) Armée

•

- classe d'adaptation

- classe d'âge

- classe de mer

- classe de neige

- classes préparatoires

* * *

1) (catégorie) class

2) (= niveau) class

3) MILITAIRE

4) (dans les transports en commun) class

5) (= local d'enseignement) classroom

6) (= leçon) class

7) (= niveau scolaire) year, grade USA

8) (= élèves) class

* * *

classe nf

1 Scol ( groupe d'élèves) class, form GB; ( niveau) year, form GB, grade US; une classe turbulente/studieuse a rowdy/hard-working class ou form GB; les classes primaires/de maternelle primary (school)/nursery classes; les classes du secondaire secondary school classes ou forms GB, ≈ junior high school and high school US; redoubler une classe to repeat a year; passer dans la classe supérieure to go up a year; être le premier/dernier de sa classe to be ou come top/bottom of the class;

2 Scol ( cours) class, lesson; une classe de dessin a drawing class ou lesson; les élèves de Mme Dupont n'auront pas classe demain Mrs Dupont's class won't be having any lessons tomorrow; parler en classe to talk in class; faire la classe to teach; le soir après la classe in the evening after school;

3 Scol ( salle) classroom; il s'est fait mettre à la porte de la classe he was sent out of the classroom;

4 Sociol, Pol class; les classes sociales the social classes; la classe ouvrière/dirigeante the working/ruling class; les classes moyennes the middle classes; une société sans classes a classless society; classe politique political class ou community;

5 ( catégorie) class (de of); la classe des mammifères the class of mammals; les artistes sont une classe à part artists are a class apart; classe grammaticale Ling grammatical class;

6 gén class; ( rang) Admin grade; produits/champagne de première classe first-class products/champagne;

7 ( élégance) class; avoir de la classe to have class; il a beaucoup de classe he has real class; ça, c'est la classe◑! now that's class ou style○!; c'est pas la classe◑! that's not very stylish!; elle est très classe◑ she's really classy○;

8 Transp class; billet de première/seconde classe first-/second-class ou standard GB ticket; classe touristes/affaires economy ou tourist/business class; voyager en première classe to travel first class;

9 Mil annual levy ou draft; la classe 1990 the 1990 levy ou draft; faire ses classes lit to do one's basic training; fig to start out; un cinéaste qui a fait ses classes à la télévision fig a film director who started out in television.

classe d'adaptation special needs class; classe d'âge age group; classe de mer educational schooltrip to the seaside; classe de nature schooltrip to the countryside; classe de neige schooltrip in the mountains; classe de transition Scol remedial class; classe verte = classe de nature; les classes creuses age groups depleted by low birthrate; classes préparatoires (aux grandes écoles) preparatory classes for entrance to Grandes Écoles.

ⓘ Classe de neige The classe de neige denotes the period of about a week which school classes spend in a mountain area when ski tuition is integrated with normal school work. The classe de nature or classe verte similarly refers to the week-long stay by school pupils in the countryside where nature study is integrated with normal school work.

( féminin classée) [klase] adjectif

1. [terminé] closed, dismissed

2. [protégé] listed

3. SPORT

— abandoned aircraft

— aborted aircraft

— acrobatic aircraft

— active ECM aircraft

— administrative aircraft

— advanced aircraft

— advanced-trainer aircraft

— aerobatic aircraft

— aerobatic training aircraft

— aerodynamic-test aircraft

— aft-engined aircraft

— ailing aircraft

— air alert aircraft

— air reserve aircraft

— airborne alert aircraft

— air-breathing aircraft

— air-carrier aircraft

— aircraft in distress

— aircraft in service

— aircraft in trouble

— aircraft on loan

— airline aircraft

— air-to-air refueling aircraft

— airworthy aircraft

— all-altitude aircraft

— all-body aircraft

— all-can-do aircraft

— all-cargo aircraft

— all-metal aircraft

— all-purpose aircraft

— all-rocket-armed aircraft

— all-terrain aircraft

— all-weather aircraft

— all-wing aircraft

— all-wood aircraft

— aluminum aircraft

— ambulance aircraft

— amphibian aircraft

— amphibious aircraft

— annular-wing aircraft

— antiradiation missile aircraft

— antisubmarine warfare aircraft

— armed aircraft

— armored aircraft

— army aircraft

— army cooperation aircraft

— army support aircraft

— arriving aircraft

— artillery location aircraft

— artillery observation aircraft

— artillery reconnaissance aircraft

— assault aircraft

— assault transport aircraft

— ASW aircraft

— asymmetrical aircraft

— athodyd aircraft

— atmosphere-entry-type aircraft

— attack aircraft

— augmented jet aircraft

— augmentor-wing aircraft

— automatically-controlled aircraft

— autopilot-controlled aircraft

— autopiloted aircraft

— backup aircraft

— bailment aircraft

— ballasted aircraft

— base flight aircraft

— basic aircraft

— big-door aircraft

— bimotor aircraft

— bingoing aircraft

— biservice aircraft

— bisymmetrical aircraft

— BLC aircraft

— blind-flying training aircraft

— bobtailed aircraft

— bombing aircraft

— boost-glide aircraft

— border patrol aircraft

— box-like aircraft

— braced aircraft

— business aircraft

— cabin-type aircraft

— canard aircraft

— cargo aircraft

— carrier-on-board aircraft

— CASS aircraft

— catapulted aircraft

— Cat-T aircraft

— century series aircraft

— certified aircraft

— channel-wing aircraft

— chase aircraft

— chemically-fueled aircraft

— chemically-powered aircraft

— chock the aircraft

— clean configured aircraft

— close-air-support aircraft

— cloud sampling aircraft

— coastal patrol aircraft

— COIN aircraft

— collapsible aircraft

— collision-protected aircraft

— combat aircraft

— combat-and-trainer aircraft

— combat-damaged aircraft

— combat-loaded aircraft

— combination aircraft

— command communication aircraft

— command post aircraft

— commercial aircraft

— communication relay aircraft

— company-funded aircraft

— comparable enemy aircraft

— complete aircraft

— composite aircraft

— composite powerplant aircraft

— composite turbojet aircraft

— computer-driven aircraft

— configure the aircraft

— conventional design aircraft

— conventional-technology aircraft

— converging aircraft

— conversion-type aircraft

— converted aircraft

— convertible aircraft

— cooperation aircraft

— countermeasures aircraft

— crashed aircraft

— crash-landed aircraft

— crescent-wing aircraft

— cross-country aircraft

— cruciform aircraft

— CTOL aircraft

— damaged aircraft

— deck-landing aircraft

— deck-launched aircraft

— deck-launching aircraft

— defensive aircraft

— deflected-exhaust aircraft

— deflected-slipstream aircraft

— deflected-thrust aircraft

— delta-winged aircraft

— demonstrator aircraft

— departing aircraft

— designator aircraft

— development batch aircraft

— development test aircraft

— developmental aircraft

— directed aircraft

— direct-lift aircraft

— director aircraft

— disabled aircraft

— dispersed aircraft

— distressed aircraft

— dlscoid-shaped aircraft

— Doppler-navigated aircraft

— double-deck aircraft

— double-delta aircraft

— downed aircraft

— drone aircraft

— dual-control aircraft

— dual-role aircraft

— dual-service aircraft

— ducted-propeller aircraft

— dynamically slender aircraft

— early-warning aircraft

— ECM aircraft

— eight-engined aircraft

— ejection-seat aircraft

— ejector-seat aircraft

— electronic conntermeasures aircraft

— electronic intelligence aircraft

— electronic reconnaissance aircraft

— electronic warfare aircraft

— electronically-controlled aircraft

— elongated aircraft

— endurance-test aircraft

— enemy intruder aircraft

— engineless aircraft

— enroute aircraft

— errant aircraft

— escort aircraft

— executive aircraft

— exit the aircraft

— expendable aircraft

— experimental aircraft

— extended-range aircraft

— faker aircraft

— fan-in-wing aircraft

— fan-jet aircraft

— fast aircraft

— fast-climbing aircraft

— fast-penetration aircraft

— feeder liner aircraft

— ferret aircraft

— ferrying aircraft

— fertilizing aircraft

— fighter control aircraft

— fighter direction aircraft

— fighter reconnaissance aircraft

— firing aircraft

— first-generation aircraft

— first-line aircraft

— fixed aircraft

— fixed-gear aircraft

— fixed-geometry aircraft

— fixed-wing aircraft

— flamed-out aircraft

— flank aircraft

— flapless aircraft

— flapped aircraft

— fleet-orbiting aircraft

— flexible aircraft

— flight aircraft

— flight-inspection aircraft

— flight-test aircraft

— floated aircraft

— flutter-clear aircraft

— flying testbed aircraft

— folding-rotor aircraft

— folding-winged aircraft

— foreign-built aircraft

— four-engined aircraft

— four-jet aircraft

— freight aircraft

— friendly aircraft

— front-line aircraft

— full-scale aircraft

— full-sized aircraft

— fully-aerobatic aircraft

— fully-armed aircraft